MicroRNAs (miRNAs) revealed themselves as potential tumour markers and play a significant role in the pathogenesis and progression of acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL). This work is designed to investigate the expression of miR‐21, miR‐26, miR‐148a, miR‐133b and miR‐24 in paediatric ALL patients in response to treatment. The expression of miRNAs was determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (qRT–‐PCR) in 43 paediatric ALL patients (33 treatment responders and 10 non‐responders) compared to 42 healthy controls. miR‐21, miR‐148a, and miR‐24 were found to be significantly (P .05, P .01, P .05; respectively) up‐regulated in ALL patients compared to controls. No statistically significant differences in expression levels of miR‐26a and miR133b were detected in both groups. Concerning treatment, responders are found to have a decreased level of miR‐24 …